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Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of
Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston,
MA 02115, USA. cuilin.zhang@channing.harvard.edu
OBJECTIVE:
We aimed to examine whether pregravid dietary
fiber consumptions from cereal, fruit, and
vegetable sources and dietary glycemic load
were related to gestational diabetes mellitus
(GDM) risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This
study was a prospective cohort study among
13,110 eligible women in the Nurses' Health
Study II. GDM was self-reported and validated
by medical record review in a subsample.
RESULTS:
We documented 758 incident GDM cases during
8 years of follow-up. After adjustment for
age, parity, prepregnancy BMI, and other covariates,
dietary total fiber and cereal and fruit fiber
were strongly associated with GDM risk. Each
10-g/day increment in total fiber intake was
associated with 26% (95% CI 9-49) reduction
in risk; each 5-g/day increment in cereal or
fruit fiber was associated with a 23% (9-36)
or 26% (5-42) reduction, respectively. Dietary
glycemic load was positively related to GDM
risk. Multivariate relative risk for highest
versus lowest quintiles was 1.61 (1.02-2.53)
(P for trend 0.03). The combination of high-glycemic
load and low-cereal fiber diet was associated
with 2.15-fold (1.04-4.29) increased risk compared
with the reciprocal diet.
CONCLUSIONS:
These findings suggested that prepregnancy
diet might be associated with women's GDM
risk. In particular, diet with low fiber and
high glycemic load was associated with an increased
risk. Future clinical and metabolic studies
are warranted to confirm these findings.
PMID: 17003297 [PubMed - in process
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